Which of the following is a clear example of convergent evolution?

Convergent evolution occurs when different species independently evolve similar traits as a result of adapting to similar environments or ecological niches, rather than sharing a common ancestor. In the case of whales and fish, both have developed streamlined bodies that facilitate efficient movement through water. Despite coming from distinct lineages—whales are mammals while fish are aquatic vertebrates—the pressures of living in a similar aquatic environment have led to the evolution of analogous structures, such as their body shape and fin placement.

This adaptation serves to enhance their locomotive capabilities in water, demonstrating a clear example of convergent evolution as they arrive at similar solutions to similar challenges despite their different evolutionary backgrounds. The other options illustrate different concepts, such as common ancestry or specific adaptations related to shared habitats, but do not exemplify the independent development characteristic of convergent evolution.