What occurs when elastin and collagen in the skin break down?

When elastin and collagen in the skin break down, it leads to the wrinkling of the skin. These two proteins are essential for maintaining the skin's structure and elasticity. Collagen provides strength and firmness, while elastin allows the skin to stretch and return to its original shape. As these proteins degrade with age or due to environmental factors such as UV radiation and pollution, the skin loses its resilience and tautness, leading to the formation of wrinkles and fine lines.

In contrast, skin hydration is not increased when these proteins break down; the skin tends to become drier and less plump. Moreover, a breakdown of elastin and collagen does not lead to increased elasticity; rather, it causes a loss of elasticity, making the skin sag and wrinkle. Lastly, while hyperpigmentation can occur due to other factors such as sun exposure or hormonal changes, it is not a direct result of the breakdown of elastin and collagen. Therefore, wrinkling is the most direct consequence of this degradation.