What is produced when oxygen acts as the final electron acceptor in aerobic respiration?

When oxygen functions as the final electron acceptor in aerobic respiration, it combines with electrons and hydrogen ions (protons) to form water (H2O). This process occurs during the electron transport chain, which is the final stage of cellular respiration. Oxygen's role is crucial because it helps maintain the flow of electrons through the chain and allows for the continued production of ATP through oxidative phosphorylation.

In the absence of oxygen, the electron transport chain would halt, leading to a significant drop in ATP production, which is essential for various cellular functions. Thus, water is the end product of this process, emphasizing the importance of oxygen in cellular respiration as it facilitates the release of energy stored in glucose molecules by allowing for efficient ATP synthesis.